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1.


A casualty who is suffering from heat stroke should be cooled down as quickly as possible.
2. If a person has suffered anaphylaxis (severe allergic reaction) you should use an auto-injector immediately.
3. Burns should be immediately treated with water.
4. A first aider should always ensure that their skills remain current, never go beyond their limitations and be aware of available stress management assistance if support is required.
5. It is NOT necessary to gain consent before providing first aid to a conscious injured adult casualty.
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6. The chance of survival for a casualty in cardiac arrest increases when the ambulance is called urgently, CPR is performed, defibrillation and advanced care is carried out as quickly as possible. This is called the chain of survival.
7. Maintaining the casualty’s privacy, maintaining confidentiality of records and information, displaying a respectful attitude towards all involved and gaining consent from the conscious casualty are very important concepts in providing first aid at work or in the community.
8. Pain in the chest area radiating to your arms and feeling sick, could be symptoms of a cardiac episode or heart attack. Call an ambulance immediately.
9. A casualty is found floating face down in water and is unconscious. You should call for help and if possible quickly remove the casualty from the water. Roll the casualty onto his/her side to clear the airway of obstructions or water. If they are not breathing, start CPR immediately.
10. A casualty who is suffering from a severe cold injury should be rewarmed slowly.
11. It is unlikely for a first aider to be sued if they have provided first aid within the accepted guidelines and have not gone beyond their level of training
12. A first aider should be aware of the possible psychological effects, such as stress, when an incident happens. They should seek assistance when necessary and may find great benefit in attending a debriefing meeting with colleagues or a professional.
13. After providing first aid in a workplace, a first aider should always ensure that they report incident details as accurately as they can to their supervisor as soon as possible.
14. Signs of hyperthermia (hot) may include an elevated body temperature and hot dry skin. Heat stroke (very hot) is serious, casualties should be cooled down as quickly as possible.
15. The name of the bandaging technique used to reduce/stop the flow of the venom after a person has been bitten by a snake is called the Pressure Immobilisation Technique.
16. Having a defibrillator in a workplace or shared between a number of workplaces, is vital in giving a cardiac arrest casualty every chance of survival.
17. Signs of hypothermia (very cold) include reduced body temperature and confusion.
18. First aid has been provided. The first aider did not display respectful behaviour towards the injured casualty, or worry about privacy or confidentiality regarding the incident. This is considered an appropriate response by the first aider.
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19. A casualty has been cut on the arm and is bleeding. Pad & bandage the arm and raise it to help stop the bleeding.
20. In Australia, the number to call for help in an emergency is triple zero (000)
21. If severe bleeding or shock occurs you should seek urgent medical aid immediately by calling triple zero (000).
22. It is suspected that a casualty has suffered a spinal injury whilst playing sport. The first aid officer should immediately remove the casualty from the field to allow the game to continue.
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23. A female friend who is a known diabetic appears to be confused, sweating and not making any sense. If she can safely swallow, give her lollies or food and keep an eye on her.
24. A young man was hit in his stomach with a blunt object and has suffered an abdominal injury. He is pale, cold and clammy and his pulse is racing. He would not be suffering from shock.
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25. Signs of shock include pale, cold, clammy skin and a faster heart rate.
26. A farmer got dust in his eye whilst working. The eye should be gently washed.
27. A gentleman cannot smile or speak properly, he can’t raise his right arm or right leg and he has a headache. You should call an ambulance immediately because he could be having a stroke.
28. There may be potential hazards when providing first aid such as, manual handling injuries, risk of infection, hazardous substances, fires, dangerous goods, chemicals, needle stick injuries, glass etc.
29. A person’s airway has become completely obstructed due to choking on a piece of apple. To help, alternate between 5 back blows and 5 chest thrusts until the object is expelled.
30. A sprained ankle or a strained muscle should NOT be treated with ICE.
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31. All unconscious breathing casualties should be placed on their side. This is to ensure that their airway and lungs are kept clear and do not fill up with fluid, especially vomit.
32.
The Australian Resuscitation Council provides guidelines for how first aid should be delivered.
33. When providing first aid, you should ignore anything dangerous and don’t worry about protecting yourself. You must always help, even when the area is unsafe.
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34. The First Aid Code of Practice includes the requirements for first aid training and first aid kits in the workplace.
35. Confidentiality of casualty records and information must be maintained in line with statutory and organisational policies.
36. Using good manual handling skills to avoid injury during first aid means to: lift without bending over; not lift something that is too heavy for you; ask for help; avoid twisting the body.
37.

The Australian Resuscitation Council states that CPR should be completed by rotating 30 compressions and 2 rescue breaths. However; if you are unable or unwilling to do the rescue breaths, you can do compressions only CPR.
38. Once you start CPR, you should try to continue until help arrives or go for as long as you can.

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